COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF REPLACING SOYA BEAN MEAL WITH FISH MEAL IN THE DIETS OF BROILER CHICKEN: A REVIEW

Abstract

The study reviewed the nutritional composition and implication of Soya bean meal replacement with fish meal in relation to broiler diet from various authors. Proximate composition of Soya bean was found to contained between; 8.07 to 10.50% moisture, 36.00 to 39.24% Crude Protein,
5.44 to 6.84% Crude Fiber, 18.40 to 30.31% Crude Lipid,4.29 to 5.10% Ash, and 4.10% to
16.31 Carbohydrate. The average mineralcontents (%) were found to be 0.5 and 3.0 (Na), 18.1 (K), 2.3 and 8.5 (Mg), 2.2 and 3.0 (Ca), 2.3 and 5.6 (P), 2.7 and 44.0 (Zn), 13.0 (Cu), 27.0 (Mn) and 10.6 and 11.9 (Fe). Mineral determination showed that fishmeal contained 11.9 mg/100g of Calcium, 11.8 mg/100 g of Magnesium, 3.7mg/100g of Iron, 45.4mg/100g of Sodium, 99.0 of Zincg/kg, 15.7mg/100g of Phosphorus. The Protein, fat, moisture, carbohydrate, ash and fibre content in the bodies of 6 fish species commonly used as protein sources were revealed. Statistical analysis using ANOVA showed significant differences in the values of the six parameters fishes studied (P<0.01). The study observed that, in terms of percentages, Protein content was highest in C. senegalensis (75.43 ± 0.20 %) and lowest in C. macrolepsis (64.25 ± 0.01 %). Fat content was found to be highest in S. nigrita (25.10 ± 0.30 %) and lowest in C. senegalensis (19.53 ± 0.20 %), moisture content was highest in S. nigrita (23.52 ± 0.02 %) and lowest in C. senegalensis (21.08 ± 0.01 %). Carbohydrate content was found to be highest in C. macrolepis (4.38 ± 0.02) and lowest in H. lineatus (1.52 ± 0.02 %). Ash content was highest in C. macrolepis (3.75 ± 0.02 %) and lowest in C. carassius (1.20 ± 0.20 %) while fibre content was highest in H. lineatus (2.30 ± 0.10 %) and lowest in C. senegalensis (1.09 ± 0.20 %). The result of this review can be used to advice farmers to make appropriate choices in the use of fish meal in replace to soya bean meal for formulating animal feed based on their nutritional requirement, particularly Monogastric Nutrition